While preparing instructional materials you should: • Apply short sentences. • Do not use compound sentences. • Do not use excess information in a sentence. • Apply the active voice. • Apply personal pronouns. • See that equivalent items will be parallel. • Make a separate list of conditions. • Do not apply double negatives. • Apply point form. • Apply examples that are known for you. • Write in the same manner as you speak. • Do not apply unsuitable words, that are difficult for pronunciation and understanding. • Do not apply jargon and technical terms (they are applied only in necessity). • Set sentences and paragraphs into a logical order: things affecting many points at the first place, at the second place things affecting some points; at the first place there is the general information, at the second place there is the specific information; at the first place there are permanent provisions, at the second place there are temporary ones. • Do not use cultural and gender stereotyping. • Pay attention to content organization before you develop the content. Before you develop the content, prepare an outline of the material that is to be studied. Print materials contain frequently too many words, because the author plans, organizes and writes simultaneously. The content should follow certain goals and objectives. The order of topics should be systematic and creative. Everything should be done to obtain finally a well-organized content outline. • Have a course introduction. The course introduction contains such information as biographical background information about the instructor, a course overview, course goals and aims, a list of any textbooks or required learning materials, information concerning assignments, examinations and grading. • Keep a consistent format. Learning information should be effectively presented in a consistent format and organizational scheme. It is recommended to apply adequate headings and subheadings to visually guide the reader through the material. • Apply advance organizers. Their purpose is to connect new material with the knowledge a learner possesses. While applying them, the learner should combine various parts and concepts of teaching material. You should begin your lesson with the most general and comprehensive ideas and then go on to more structured and detailed information. • Apply examples and analogies. In the atmosphere of a traditional classroom, teachers use examples and analogies for themes the students do not understand. Unfortunately, the possibility of interaction in distant education is limited, that is why it is recommended to use many examples and analogies in print-based materials. Pay attention to the suitability of examples to cultural groups, ages and experiences of the students. • Use questions. Questions in print material are quite beneficial, because they stimulate the learner’s activity and interest. Apply questions can be easily understood, reproduced and remembered. • Add the list of contents. A detailed list of contents is used for quick reference of the learner to the required part. • Use a glossary of terms. Its purpose is to unite all the new technical terms that are used in a document.
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